CAUTION:

TO BE DONE, BY AN ADULT; OR DONE UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF AN ADULT ! BECAUSE OF THE SCISSORS USED AND A SHARP UTILITY KNIFE.

OBJECT:

How to make a Frame for a pulley.

MATERIALS:

Safety Goggles, Plastic gallon sides, measuring 2 inches by 7 and 1/4 inches, A fine point Sharpie marker, Large safety pin, Ruler, Scissors, A utility knife, A a wooden board ( any size ), Paper hole punch, stapler, a pair of pliers.

PROCEDURE:

1. To be done under supervision of an adult, because of the scissors used and a sharp utility knife.

2. With care or have an adult do this, remove a section of a plastic gallon bottle, a clean section, measuring 2 inches by 7 and 1/4 inches. The best way is to remove a slightly larger section, and then use a ruler to mark off a section of 2 inches by 7 and 1/4 inches.

3. Using a fine point permanent marker, a common known brand is " Sharpie " make two dissecting lines, on your 2 inches and 7 and 1/4 inches plastic rectangle. See above diagram !

4. You now should have a rectangle with an " X " on it, cutting the 2 inch width in half, with a line 7 and 1/4 inches long and a line dissecting the 7 and 1/4 inche lenght in half at the 3 and 5/8 inches. These are your main lines, or reference points, from which you will measure all the other lines.

5. Next, measure your half inch lines from the main 1 inch line.

6. Next, measure your 7 / 8 inches above and below the main 3 inch and 5/8 inch line. Then measure your two half inch lines, above and below the 7/8 inches lines. Then finish the rest of the lines, repeating the 7/8 inch lines.

7. Now, using a different color, in my case I used red, out line the section indicated in the diagram above ! The red lines, will be cut with a pair of scissors, with care, the red line at the top and the at bottom can be cut using only scissors !

8. Now, for the red lines in the center, using the wooden board as a back ground, place your plastic rectangle on the board, and with a UTILITY KNIFE make an incision of about an " HALF INCH ", right in the middle of the first horizontal line, you want a location where you can insert the scissors and finish cutting the remainder of the red lines !

9. Repeat ! you are using the utility knife just so you can insert the scissors and finish cutting the rest of the red lines. DO NOT USE THE UTILITY KNIFE, to cut any section. Use the scissors, once you have made an incision of about an half inch, be sure to stay away from the corners with the UTILITY KNIFE ! Because, there is a danger of ending up over the line indicated.

10. The GREEN lines indicates the places, where you will have to fold and bend, using a pair of pliers. You can fold the plastic with your fingers, try to be exactly on the line, you can see through the plastic, then finish the bend using a pair of pliers, making a neat bend in the plastic.

11. See diagram above !

12. Proceed to bend the first GREEN line labeled point # 1, then try to fold it again, as neatly as you can, as described in STEP # 10. If you find, that you cannot make a neat bend the second time, because there is some over hang of the plastic from your first bend, you may have to trim ( the edge ) some plastic from your first bend, so it will neatly bend over, and then using the pliers complete your bend. You will need to put two staples, on this fold, see " diagram " B ", the staples are brown in color. Note, that the best way to staple this first and second bend; after you notice that the bend fits the second time, straighten the bend temporarily, so that if fits into the stapler, and put in the two staples, as seen in the diagram ! NOTICE that the staples are put in from the inside of the fold, so that the ends of the staple are facing out ! The gap that you see, making a roof like structure, will disappear when you staple the bends.

13. In diagram " A " point # 2, you are bending this section down first, and then folding over again, very similar procedure as followed in Step # 12 above. And don't forget your staples before going on to step # 14.

14. In diagram " A " point # 3, after completing the bend in # 2, fold down the top section over, if needed to complete the bend use pliers, and see how if fits in diagram " B ".

15. In diagram " B " point # 4 you bend upward, then use your pliers for a neat bend. Then staple the top and bottom as shown in diagram " C "

16. The red dots that you see in diagram " C " are holes made by a large safety pin, they will support the axle of the pulley, they are made after you have finished the stapling ! Be sure, to use the board for safety, when you use the safety pin to make your holes ! The holes are located exactly on the 3 and 5/8 inch dissecting line, try to make them even on both sides of the support.

17. The last step, is to make your hole with the paper hole puncher, as seen in diagram " C ", don't forget that you have to punch a hole through two lawyers of plastic, it will take a little effort to accomplish this.

OBJECT:

To make the Grooved wheel for the frame !

MATERIALS:

Plastic bottle caps, Large safety pin, Sand paper or a file, Paper clips, A 1/16 inch drill bit, A hand hack saw, and about a 1/8 inch section of the 1/2 inch PVC plastic pipe, Isopropyl alcohol. Hot glue gun and sticks.

CAUTION:

TO BE DONE, BY AN ADULT; OR DONE UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF AN ADULT ! BECAUSE OF THE HOT GLUE GUN ! YOU HAVE TO BE EXPERIENCED USING THE GLUE GUN ! BE SURE TO READ ALL THE DIRECTIONS BEFORE PROCEEDING, SO THAT YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH THE STEPS, ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU ARE WORKING WITH THE GLUE GUN.

NOTE: Plastic glue guns and glue sticks are sold at the dollar stores, that is if you do not have them. From my point of view, the glue gun and sticks do not have toxic odors and are safe to handle. IF YOU DECIDE TO USE SOME OTHER GLUE, I would strongly advice you to do any gluing outdoors, to use GOGGLES FOR EYE PROTECTION, because the fumes are very toxic. Be sure to use some kind of plastic gloves or small plastic bags for hand covering!

PROCEDURE:

1. Obtain two plastic gallon bottle caps. You will notice that the inside of the bottle cap, there is a raised dimple.

2. Using a large safety pin and using the board as a back graund, make a hole exactly in the center of that dimple, see diagram below.

3. Use a file or some sand paper and rough the outside of the cap.

4. Using a hack saw and vice, cut a 1/8 inch slice from your 1/2 inch PVC pipe. Place it in the center and out line it with the safety pin. Wipe the plastic cap with a piece of cloth, saturated with Isopropyl Alcohol, including the slice of PVC pipe. You may want to substitute the PVC slice , if you have an old cassette, remove the white center from the cassette and use that instead, but slice of PVC pipe works best. Besure to use the sand paper on the PVC slice.

Note:The best way to get an even slice of 1/8 inch PVC pipe, use the same procedure that you used to make your center line on the main beam, of the SBB; but in this case you may use the large safety pin to scratch your guide line for cutting.

5. It is preferred that you heat the plastic cap and your 1/8 inch PVC slice, leaving then in the sunlight for about 15 minutes.

The reason for heating the plastic cap and your 1/8 inch PVC slice, so as to get an even flow of glue on the cap and end up with a better bond!

6. Follow the instruction on your glue gun, as to how long it takes for it to heat up. Have your preheated plastic cap, and your 1/8 inch PVC slice close together. Hopefully this step is being done in the summer months.

7. With your GOGGLES ON and having some kind of hand ( finger ) protection like plastic gloves or using small plastic bags. With one complete movement make your " O " shape on the plastic cap, then quickly place the 1/8 inch PVC slice on top and trying to center it as best as you can, and then quickly place a new plastic cap, like you were making an " Oreo " cookie. Let the glue set for a minute.

8. Now you have a plastic cap and a 1/8 inch PVC slice attached, or half the cookie, you need the top of the cookie. Again it is preferred that you heat the plastic cookie and the top layer, or plastic cap in the sunlight for about 15 minutes.

9. After heating, try to make a layer of glue on the 1/8 inch PVC slice, with one complete movement, then quickly place the plastic cap on the glue that is on the 1/8 inch slice with pressure, using your plastic gloves see if you can feel both caps with both hand ( fingers), trying to center them as best as you can. It is like, when you take a top layer of an " Oreo " cookie apart, but this time you are putting the Oreo cookie back together, such the that both layers lines up evenly. Allow a few minutes to cool.

10. Now you have a grooved wheel made from two plastic caps and a 1/8 inch slice of the PVC pipe. You may have noticed the " cookie " is not even, no problem, when you are finished the wheel may wobble, but it will work just fine. Do not force the paper clip through the layers of the plastic grooved wheel. But instead use a 1/16 inch drill bit, MY 1/16 inch drill bit has an aluminum piece attached to it, making it a 1/4 inch handle on this bit, such that I do not need a hand drill, but use my fingers to make my hole. Using a hand drill, gently redrill the hole on one side of the grooved wheel, chances are that it will not end up at exactly at the other safety pin hole that you made before. Therefore choose the side that looks like the safety pin hole is in the center, and then try gently to drill perpendicularly to the grooved wheel, making sure to have a board underneath the grooved wheel.

11. Now you are ready for the paper clip, because the holes are bigger then the safety pin holes.

Back to home page => Vera and Science