Curriculum


Jer 9:23 ¶ Thus saith the LORD, Let not the wise man glory in his wisdom, neither let the mighty man glory in his might, let not the rich man glory in his riches: 24 But let him that glorieth glory in this, that he understandeth and knoweth me, that I am the LORD which exercise lovingkindness,

Curriculum for 9 th Grade General Physical Science

ENERGY  AND   MATTER

E = M C2


Major Objectives:

God has given man, the command to subdue the earth and to have dominion over his creation. The best way to accomplish this, is by studying the laws that God has established and by spending time with the God that has given us these Laws

Genesis 1:28 And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.

One is able to study the relationship between energy and matter and to study by investigation, physical properties of matter. To study energy in it's various forms and its transformation to heat, light, sound and electrical energy. To develop a better understanding of the forces that exist within matter and between matter. To study the relationship of kinetic energy as it relates to motion within the three states of matter. Man has to understand that God directs, controls and sustains this universe.

Col 1:16 For by him were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by him, and for him: 17 And he is before all things, and by him all things consist.

Rom 11:36 For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to whom be glory for ever. Amen.

Man seeks to find new sources of energy, yet he fails to seek God who is the source of all energy.

Material Aids:

Bible, Safety goggles, Single Beam Balance (Home made, detail plans are provided, with diagrams and photos,) (that goes for all home made apparatus) (See my Single Beam Balance, designed just for this course), Spring balance, Graduated cylinder, Centigrade thermometer, Protractor, Compass, and Magnetic compass, Concave and Convex lenses, a heat source (will try to find a safe one, if possible). Bunsen photometer (home made), Optical bench (home made), Metric-English rulers, Metric weights, Pulleys, Magnets and Electromagnets, Flash -light batteries, Wire, Led, Periodic table - compliments of the internet.

This course is designed to enable the student to realize the importance of the Scientific Method as a logical procedure in approaching and solving various problems. The course also will allow for laboratory experience, in order to develop skills and proficiency in the use of laboratory equipment. The student should have a thorough working knowledge of the metric system to enable him to make correct measurements and carry out mathematical computations.

Comments:

Emphasis is placed on proper maintenance of a scientific lab book, where all experiments are recorded, and a conclusion (a brief summary of the results), in student's own words is strongly encouraged.

Lecture Notes are to be made and kept in a separate note book, preferably in an out line form, from the material presented via the net, which in effect will serve as a text, however if student lacks the skills of outlining, he or she will make notes as he or she has been accustomed. Any and all tables charts presented are to be copied in its entirety, including samples and examples. When taking a Drill or a Quiz, notes are not permitted, and student will have to keep his or her own score, until I can further modify the JavaScript.

Comprehension and skills:

The English and metric systems of measurements will be reviewed to prepare the student for laboratory experiments. The student should be made aware of the need for precise and accurate measurement in all phases of work, especially in scientific experimentation. To help students realize the need for standards, not only in science, but also in all phases of life. To understand how these standards are needed in the construction of the Single Beam Balance, and to understand, that if the standards are incorrect and what effect that will have on building a precise balance. To study the three states of matter and the metric units that are needed to express each state, the student should be able to understand and explain the changes that matter undergoes as it is subjected to increase or decrease of heat energy. The relationship between kinetic and potential energy is examined, as well the relationship exists between thermal energy and kinetic energy. The student should be familiar with the development of the atomic theory. The atom and the various parts the atoms are examined. A brief history of the instruments that were used to detect the various parts of the atom is considered. Included in the brief history is the development of the Periodic table and its significance to science. With the aid of a Periodic table the student should be able to interpret certain facts from the table. Other related material that will be covered; include, mixture, compound, chemical change, physical change and the differences exist between a chemical change and a physical change. To compare the energy released from a chemical change and a nuclear change

Energy and force:

By experimentation student should realize that a simple machine does not save work, but makes work easier. The student should learn by experimentation the three classes of levers and the advantages and disadvantages of each. The student should be able to use the work formula and understand the relationship between force and distance. By experimentation student should be able to understand the problem of friction and how this results in loss of energy or work and ways of reducing and increasing friction will be examined. The student should understand the meaning of actual mechanical advantage and how to calculate the difference that exists between ideal mechanical advantage and actual mechanical advantage. Other machines to be studied by experimentation: inclined plane, fixed pulley, movable pulley, and combination of pulleys, screw and wedge.

Energy and Sound:

To help student understand the relationship that exist between vibrating objects and the sound they produce. To study how the speed of sound is affected when traveling in the three states of matter. The student should understand how to correct for the speed of sound in air for a given temperature. The student should understand the mathematical relationship that exists between frequency, velocity and wavelength. Other aspects of sound will be included are the following: amplitude, pitch, resonance, longitudinal wave, and communication with sound.

Energy of Light:

Genesis 1:3 ¶ And God said, Let there be light: and there was light.

Luke 1:79 To give light to them that sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace.

John 3:20 For every one that doeth evil hateth the light, neither cometh to the light, lest his deeds should be reproved.

John 3:21 But he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought in God.

2 Corinthians 4:4 In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them

1 Peter 2:9 But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light:

1 John 1:5 ¶ This then is the message which we have heard of him, and declare unto you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.

By experimentation the student should learn how light is reflected and refracted. The student should understand the differences between a real image and a virtual image. The student should be able to explain what kind of image is produced when using a convex lens, when the object is located before 2F, at 2F, and between 2F and F, and between F and the lens. By experimentation the student should be able to find the focal length of a convex lens. To learn how to calculate the index of refraction for a transparent object. By experimentation student should be able to calculate the intensity of an unknown light source. Other aspects of light that are included are the following: prism, spectrum, bright line spectrum, lasers, constructive and destructive wave interference, color subtraction, and color addition. Light sources such as the fluorescent light, and incandescent lights are compared, and a comparison of the human eye and the camera.

Electric Energy:

The student should understand the purpose of conductors and insulators. How static electricity is generated, and prevented or eliminated. The student should understand advantages and disadvantage of using AC and DC. To study the relationship that exits between voltage current and resistance. Be able to calculate by use of Ohm's law, voltage, amperage, and resistance in a parallel circuit and series circuit How to construct a led test circuit for testing continuity of a circuit. To study the relationship that exists between electricity and magnetism, and the left hand rule (This Left-Hand rule is included especially for those former students, that will happen to stumble on to this site) there is also a future plan to start a special section for Electronics construction projects.

Electric Energy and Magnetism:

The Earth is viewed as a gigantic magnet and the significance that it has on our lives. The existence of magnetic lines is observed by experimentation or demonstration. With the aid of a compass needle student are introduced to the fact that all iron and steel objects are slightly magnetized. Declination is considered and the problems that used to result in navigation. Other aspects of magnetism that are considered are ways of making a magnet, ways of destroying a magnet, ways of prolonging the life of a magnet. The relationship between electricity and magnetism is studied in detail. The advantages of permanent magnets & electro magnets are considered.

Back to home page => Vera and Science